3 step down 12v to 9v converter circuits

Do you need to use a 9V battery? But you have a 12V battery only. We have many how to convert 12V to 9V. Now I will show using 2 circuits ideas.

Though this circuit uses just two transistors and others 8 components. But it is the well-regulated power supply. We use it as the simple step down 12v to 9v converter circuit. It can give the output current up to 4A. Also, there is overload protection. When we use too many currents, the output will reduce the current down.

How it works
To begin with, enter the input voltage, 12V into the circuit. The R1 passes the current at positive in two ways. First, to output, 9V with low current. Second, through D1, D2, R3, and VR2 to the ground.

Since there is the voltage drops across D1, D2. So, the emitter of Q2 gets the biased current with the voltage lower than the output 1.2V, all the time. The voltage drops across D1 and D2 are the reference voltage of the circuit.

This output voltage will rise. While the emitter voltage tries to rise to be the same rate. Which it gets base current from the voltage divider circuit, VR1, R4.

The base-emitter voltage will try to reduce. And Q1 stop working. So the output voltage is low down.

If the output voltage is reducing. The circuit will turn working in the opposite way.
The base-emitter voltage of Q2 will rise, it is more working. Which causes Q1 more work too.

Thus the output keeps voltage is constant again.

When the output current rises up. The current flows through Q2 rises too. Which causes the power transistor-Q1 more works. And the current flows through R3, VR2 is higher, too.

But the current flows D1, D2 to reduces down. This causes Q2, Q1 comes back to low working again. Thus the output voltage is low voltage, too.

The average hFE of The Q1-transistor, BD242 is about 25. It makes the maximum output current is 4A. We can adjust the current with VR1, in 0.2A to 4A range.

The VR2 provides adjustable voltage for the output.

This circuit is small. I hope you are fun with it. If you have tested it gets a result, do not forget to share with me.

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How this circuit works

The circuit protects output compose transistor Q1-Q3. By transistor, Q1 performs acknowledge voltage straddle Resistor R3. Which work when have current about 250mA or more than flow through R3 when TR1 work pick load C3, as a result, will do way resister package R5 10K values and thereafter 2 railings second.

The voltage will enough encourage. Q1 which cooperates with Q2 assembles be Transistor many rapidities are only. This circuit consumes current in the condition calmly don’t arrive at 5mA and Current fully a part will protect to have 12mA railing sizes only.

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